Zetemata

John 19

The chapter in full, then the passages inside it that are worth stopping on — what each one claims, what the Greek or Hebrew shows, and how the reading is arrived at.

John 19 WEB
  1. 1 So Pilate then took Jesus and flogged him.
  2. 2 The soldiers twisted thorns into a crown and put it on his head, and dressed him in a purple garment.
  3. 3 They kept saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!" and they kept slapping him.
  4. 4 Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, "Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him."
  5. 5 Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, "Behold, the man!"
  6. 6 When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, "Crucify! Crucify!" Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him."
  7. 7 The Jews answered him, "We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God."
  8. 8 When therefore Pilate heard this saying, he was more afraid.
  9. 9 He entered into the Praetorium again, and said to Jesus, "Where are you from?" But Jesus gave him no answer.
  10. 10 Pilate therefore said to him, "Aren't you speaking to me? Don't you know that I have power to release you and have power to crucify you?"
  11. 11 Jesus answered, "You would have no power at all against me, unless it were given to you from above. Therefore he who delivered me to you has greater sin."
  12. 12 At this, Pilate was seeking to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, "If you release this man, you aren't Caesar's friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar!"
  13. 13 When Pilate therefore heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judgment seat at a place called "The Pavement", but in Hebrew, "Gabbatha."
  14. 14 Now it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, at about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, "Behold, your King!"
  15. 15 They cried out, "Away with him! Away with him! Crucify him!" Pilate said to them, "Shall I crucify your King?" The chief priests answered, "We have no king but Caesar!"
  16. 16 So then he delivered him to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus and led him away.
  17. 17 He went out, bearing his cross, to the place called "The Place of a Skull", which is called in Hebrew, "Golgotha",
  18. 18 where they crucified him, and with him two others, on either side one, and Jesus in the middle.
  19. 19 Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. There was written, "JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS."
  20. 20 Therefore many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek.
  21. 21 The chief priests of the Jews therefore said to Pilate, "Don't write, 'The King of the Jews,' but, 'he said, "I am King of the Jews."'"
  22. 22 Pilate answered, "What I have written, I have written."
  23. 23 Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also the tunic. Now the tunic was without seam, woven from the top throughout.
  24. 24 Then they said to one another, "Let's not tear it, but cast lots for it to decide whose it will be," that the Scripture might be fulfilled, which says, "They parted my garments among them. They cast lots for my clothing." Therefore the soldiers did these things.
  25. 25 But standing by Jesus' cross were his mother, his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.
  26. 26 Therefore when Jesus saw his mother, and the disciple whom he loved standing there, he said to his mother, "Woman, behold, your son!"
  27. 27 Then he said to the disciple, "Behold, your mother!" From that hour, the disciple took her to his own home.
  28. 28 After this, Jesus, seeing that all things were now finished, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, said, "I am thirsty!"
  29. 29 Now a vessel full of vinegar was set there; so they put a sponge full of the vinegar on hyssop, and held it at his mouth.
  30. 30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, "It is finished!" Then he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
  31. 31 Therefore the Jews, because it was the Preparation Day, so that the bodies wouldn't remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a special one), asked of Pilate that their legs might be broken and that they might be taken away.
  32. 32 Therefore the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was crucified with him;
  33. 33 but when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they didn't break his legs.
  34. 34 However, one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out.
  35. 35 He who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows that he tells the truth, that you may believe.
  36. 36 For these things happened that the Scripture might be fulfilled, "A bone of him will not be broken."
  37. 37 Again another Scripture says, "They will look on him whom they pierced."
  38. 38 After these things, Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, asked of Pilate that he might take away Jesus' body. Pilate gave him permission. He came therefore and took away his body.
  39. 39 Nicodemus, who at first came to Jesus by night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred Roman pounds.
  40. 40 So they took Jesus' body, and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury.
  41. 41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden. In the garden was a new tomb in which no man had ever yet been laid.
  42. 42 Then, because of the Jews' Preparation Day (for the tomb was near at hand), they laid Jesus there.

John's narrative moves from Pilate's court to the cross to the borrowed tomb, and the chapter's pacing tightens as it goes — long dialogue in the Praetorium giving way to terse, almost clinical reporting once the crucifixion itself begins. The trial before Pilate has already established that Rome finds no legal case against Jesus (18:38); this chapter is the story of that finding being overridden by pressure, not evidence.

19:5 Behold, the man

Pilate brings Jesus out flogged, crowned with thorns, robed in mock purple, and says, "Behold, the man" (Ἰδοὺ ὁ ἄνθρωπος). The staging is deliberate cruelty turned into political theater: Pilate is presenting a beaten prisoner as if daring the crowd to still want him dead, and perhaps also mocking the charge of kingship by putting its parody on display. The soldiers' own mockery — "Hail, King of the Jews!" accompanied by slaps (19:3) — already parallels the language of true homage in the tradition (compare Matthew 26:49's kiss of betrayal, itself a greeting turned to violence). John does not explain Pilate's tone; readers across history have heard in "the man" both contempt and, unintentionally, truth — a plain human being standing where accusation cannot hold. The chapter gives no basis for reading Pilate as sincere; his repeated protests that he finds "no basis for a charge" (19:4, 19:6) sit right next to his handing Jesus over anyway.

19:11 He who delivered me to you has greater sin

Pilate presses his authority — "I have power to release you and have power to crucify you" — and Jesus answers that no power exists against him except what is "given... from above" (ἄνωθεν). This is not a claim that Pilate is innocent; it is a claim about the source of all authority, echoing what Jesus has already told Pilate: "My Kingdom is not of this world" (John 18:36). The verse then assigns relative guilt: "he who delivered me to you has greater sin." The referent is disputed — Judas, who handed Jesus to the authorities, or Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin, who handed him to Pilate. Most careful readers take it as the latter, since the same verb (παραδίδωμι) describes the priestly delivery in this chapter's flow of events. The verse does not exonerate Pilate; it ranks sins without erasing his. Governing authority, in John's telling, remains real, delegated, and accountable — not a license, and not, on its own, an excuse.

19:15 We have no king but Caesar

The exchange escalates to its starkest line. Pilate, taunting or testing, asks "Shall I crucify your King?" and the chief priests answer, "We have no king but Caesar." The irony is total: Israel's actual constitutional confession, going back to its founding, was that YHWH alone is king; the priesthood here trades that confession for Rome's, in the act of condemning the one John's Gospel presents as Israel's rightful king (see the title Pilate then writes, 19:19). The line is not a verdict on the Jewish people as such — Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus, both identified as Jewish and both acting at real risk (19:38–39), appear a few verses later doing Jesus honor. It is a verdict on the chief priests' choice in that hour, made under the specific threat of losing Caesar's favor (19:12). Reading the verse as blanket condemnation of a people rather than the recorded decision of particular leaders under particular pressure is precisely the kind of importing scripture does not support.

19:26-27 Woman, behold your son

From the cross, Jesus assigns his mother and the disciple he loved into each other's keeping: "Woman, behold, your son!" ... "Behold, your mother!" The address "Woman" (Γύναι) is not coldness; it is the same term Jesus has used of Mary before, and its formality carries dignity rather than distance. The moment is often read devotionally as tenderness amid agony, which it is, but it is also practical and covenantal: a dying man providing for his mother's future, and entrusting her to the disciple closest to him, "from that hour" (19:27) taking on the concrete duty of a son. The verse asks nothing mystical of the reader beyond attention to what it plainly records — filial care exercised at the cost of everything else being asked of him in that hour.

19:34-37 — Blood and water; a bone... not be broken; they will look on him whom they pierced

The soldier's spear-thrust, and the blood and water that flow, is reported with unusual emphasis on eyewitness certainty: "He who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true" (19:35). John ties the detail to two scriptures fulfilled — "A bone of him will not be broken" and "They will look on him whom they pierced" (19:36–37) — reading Jesus' death against the Passover lamb (whose bones were not to be broken) and against a text of one pierced whom Israel will look upon. The physiological note about blood and water has drawn medical speculation for centuries (pericardial fluid, evidence of a ruptured heart, proof against docetism — that he only seemed to have a real body) but John's own stated purpose for including it is simpler and stated outright: "that you may believe" (19:35). The detail functions as testimony to a real, verifiable death, against any reading — ancient or modern — that would make the crucifixion less than fully physical.

What the chapter asks

The chapter presents a trial with no legal verdict against the accused, carried out anyway under pressure, ending in a death attested by eyewitness and fulfilled scripture, and closing with two secret disciples finally acting in the open to bury him with honor. It asks whether "Behold, the man" and "Behold, your King" — said in mockery — are nonetheless said truly; whether the one with power to crucify is finally the one under authority "from above"; and whether the reader, like the disciple at the foot of the cross, will take up what is entrusted rather than remain a spectator to it.

The verses this turns on

John 19:3 WEB
They kept saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!" and they kept slapping him.
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

καὶ ἤρχοντο πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ ἔλεγον Χαῖρε ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων· καὶ ἐδίδοσαν αὐτῷ ῥαπίσματα.

  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • ἤρχοντο ἔρχομαι verb · imperfect middle or passive deponent indicative, 3rd person plural G2064
  • πρὸς πρός preposition G4314
  • αὐτὸν αὐτός personal pronoun · accusative singular masculine G846
  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • ἔλεγον λέγω verb · imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural G3004
  • Χαῖρε χαίρω verb · present active imperative, 2nd person singular G5463
  • ὁ ὁ article · nominative singular masculine G3588
  • Βασιλεὺς βασιλεύς noun · nominative singular masculine G935
  • τῶν ὁ article · genitive plural masculine G3588
  • Ἰουδαίων· Ἰουδαῖος adjective · genitive plural masculine G2453
  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. Matthew 27:29 They braided a crown of thorns and put it on his head, and a reed in his right hand; and they kneeled down before him and mocked him, saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!"
  2. Matthew 26:49 Immediately he came to Jesus, and said, "Greetings, Rabbi!" and kissed him.
  3. Luke 1:28 Having come in, the angel said to her, "Rejoice, you highly favored one! The Lord is with you. Blessed are you among women!"
  4. John 19:19 Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. There was written, "JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS."
  5. John 18:33 Pilate therefore entered again into the Praetorium, called Jesus, and said to him, "Are you the King of the Jews?"
John 19:4 WEB
Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, "Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him."
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

Καὶ ἐξῆλθεν πάλιν ἔξω ὁ Πειλᾶτος καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Ἴδε ἄγω ὑμῖν αὐτὸν ἔξω, ἵνα γνῶτε ὅτι οὐδεμίαν αἰτίαν εὑρίσκω ἐν αὐτῷ.

  • Καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • ἐξῆλθεν ἐξέρχομαι verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular G1831
  • πάλιν πάλιν adverb G3825
  • ἔξω ἔξω adverb G1854
  • ὁ ὁ article · nominative singular masculine G3588
  • Πειλᾶτος Πιλᾶτος noun · nominative singular masculine G4091
  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • λέγει λέγω verb · present active indicative, 3rd person singular G3004
  • αὐτοῖς αὐτός personal pronoun · dative plural masculine G846
  • Ἴδε ὁράω verb · aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular G3708
  • ἄγω ἄγω verb · present active indicative, 1st person singular G71
  • ὑμῖν σύ personal pronoun G4771

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. John 18:38 Pilate said to him, "What is truth?" When he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, "I find no basis for a charge against him.
  2. John 19:6 When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, "Crucify! Crucify!" Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him."
  3. Luke 23:4 Pilate said to the chief priests and the multitudes, "I find no basis for a charge against this man."
  4. 1 Peter 2:22 who didn't sin, "neither was deceit found in his mouth."
  5. Luke 23:47 When the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, "Certainly this was a righteous man."
John 19:5 WEB
Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, "Behold, the man!"
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

ἐξῆλθεν οὖν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἔξω, φορῶν τὸν ἀκάνθινον στέφανον καὶ τὸ πορφυροῦν ἱμάτιον. καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Ἰδοὺ ὁ ἄνθρωπος.

  • ἐξῆλθεν ἐξέρχομαι verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular G1831
  • οὖν οὖν conjunction G3767
  • ὁ ὁ article · nominative singular masculine G3588
  • Ἰησοῦς Ἰησοῦς noun · nominative singular masculine G2424
  • ἔξω, ἔξω adverb G1854
  • φορῶν φορέω verb · present active participle, nominative singular masculine G5409
  • τὸν ὁ article · accusative singular masculine G3588
  • ἀκάνθινον ἀκάνθινος adjective · accusative singular masculine G174
  • στέφανον στέφανος noun · accusative singular masculine G4735
  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • τὸ ὁ article · accusative singular neuter G3588
  • πορφυροῦν πορφυροῦς adjective · accusative singular neuter G4210

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. John 19:2 The soldiers twisted thorns into a crown and put it on his head, and dressed him in a purple garment.
  2. Isaiah 7:14 Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold, the virgin will conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.
  3. Hebrews 12:2 looking to Jesus, the author and perfecter of faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising its shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.
  4. John 1:29 The next day, he saw Jesus coming to him, and said, "Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!
  5. Isaiah 40:9 You who tell good news to Zion, go up on a high mountain. You who tell good news to Jerusalem, lift up your voice with strength! Lift it up! Don't be afraid! Say to the cities of Judah, "Behold, your God!"
John 19:6 WEB
When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, "Crucify! Crucify!" Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him."
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

ὅτε οὖν εἶδον αὐτὸν οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ ὑπηρέται, ἐκραύγασαν λέγοντες Σταύρωσον σταύρωσον. λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Πειλᾶτος Λάβετε αὐτὸν ὑμεῖς καὶ σταυρώσατε· ἐγὼ γὰρ οὐχ εὑρίσκω ἐν αὐτῷ αἰτίαν.

  • ὅτε ὅτε adverb G3753
  • οὖν οὖν conjunction G3767
  • εἶδον ὁράω verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural G3708
  • αὐτὸν αὐτός personal pronoun · accusative singular masculine G846
  • οἱ ὁ article · nominative plural masculine G3588
  • ἀρχιερεῖς ἀρχιερεύς noun · nominative plural masculine G749
  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • οἱ ὁ article · nominative plural masculine G3588
  • ὑπηρέται, ὑπηρέτης noun · nominative plural masculine G5257
  • ἐκραύγασαν κραυγάζω verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural G2905
  • λέγοντες λέγω verb · present active participle, nominative plural masculine G3004
  • Σταύρωσον σταυρόω verb · aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular G4717

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. John 18:31 Pilate therefore said to them, "Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law." Therefore the Jews said to him, "It is illegal for us to put anyone to death,"
  2. John 19:4 Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, "Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him."
  3. Matthew 27:22 Pilate said to them, "What then shall I do to Jesus who is called Christ?" They all said to him, "Let him be crucified!"
  4. Acts 7:52 Which of the prophets didn't your fathers persecute? They killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, of whom you have now become betrayers and murderers.
  5. Acts 13:27 For those who dwell in Jerusalem, and their rulers, because they didn't know him, nor the voices of the prophets which are read every Sabbath, fulfilled them by condemning him.
John 19:11 WEB
Jesus answered, "You would have no power at all against me, unless it were given to you from above. Therefore he who delivered me to you has greater sin."
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς Οὐκ εἶχες ἐξουσίαν κατ’ ἐμοῦ οὐδεμίαν εἰ μὴ ἦν δεδομένον σοι ἄνωθεν· διὰ τοῦτο ὁ παραδούς μέ σοι μείζονα ἁμαρτίαν ἔχει.

  • ἀπεκρίθη ἀποκρίνομαι verb · aorist middle deponent indicative, 3rd person singular G611
  • Ἰησοῦς Ἰησοῦς noun · nominative singular masculine G2424
  • Οὐκ οὐ particle · nominative G3756
  • εἶχες ἔχω verb · imperfect active indicative, 2nd person singular G2192
  • ἐξουσίαν ἐξουσία noun · accusative singular feminine G1849
  • κατ’ κατά preposition G2596
  • ἐμοῦ ἐγώ personal pronoun G1473
  • οὐδεμίαν οὐδείς adjective · accusative singular feminine G3762
  • εἰ εἰ conditional G1487
  • μὴ μή particle · nominative G3361
  • ἦν εἰμί verb · imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular G1510
  • δεδομένον δίδωμι verb · perfect passive participle, nominative singular neuter G1325

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. Romans 13:1 Let every soul be in subjection to the higher authorities, for there is no authority except from God, and those who exist are ordained by God.
  2. John 3:27 John answered, "A man can receive nothing unless it has been given him from heaven.
  3. Acts 2:23 him, being delivered up by the determined counsel and foreknowledge of God, you have taken by the hand of lawless men, crucified and killed;
  4. Daniel 4:17 "'The sentence is by the decree of the watchers and the demand by the word of the holy ones, to the intent that the living may know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomever he will, and sets up over it the lowest of men.'
  5. John 7:30 They sought therefore to take him; but no one laid a hand on him, because his hour had not yet come.
John 19:12 WEB
At this, Pilate was seeking to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, "If you release this man, you aren't Caesar's friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar!"
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

ἐκ τούτου ὁ Πειλᾶτος ἐζήτει ἀπολῦσαι αὐτόν· οἱ δὲ Ἰουδαῖοι ἐκραύγασαν λέγοντες Ἐὰν τοῦτον ἀπολύσῃς, οὐκ εἶ φίλος τοῦ Καίσαρος· πᾶς ὁ βασιλέα ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν ἀντιλέγει τῷ Καίσαρι.

  • ἐκ ἐκ preposition G1537
  • τούτου οὗτος demonstrative pronoun · genitive singular neuter G3778
  • ὁ ὁ article · nominative singular masculine G3588
  • Πειλᾶτος Πιλᾶτος noun · nominative singular masculine G4091
  • ἐζήτει ζητέω verb · imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular G2212
  • ἀπολῦσαι ἀπολύω verb · aorist active infinitive G630
  • αὐτόν· αὐτός personal pronoun · accusative singular masculine G846
  • οἱ ὁ article · nominative plural masculine G3588
  • δὲ δέ conjunction G1161
  • Ἰουδαῖοι Ἰουδαῖος adjective · nominative plural masculine G2453
  • ἐκραύγασαν κραυγάζω verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural G2905
  • λέγοντες λέγω verb · present active participle, nominative plural masculine G3004

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. John 18:33 Pilate therefore entered again into the Praetorium, called Jesus, and said to him, "Are you the King of the Jews?"
  2. Acts 17:6 When they didn't find them, they dragged Jason and certain brothers before the rulers of the city, crying, "These who have turned the world upside down have come here also,
  3. Luke 23:2 They began to accuse him, saying, "We found this man perverting the nation, forbidding paying taxes to Caesar, and saying that he himself is Christ, a king."
  4. Mark 6:16 But Herod, when he heard this, said, "This is John, whom I beheaded. He has risen from the dead."
  5. Acts 24:24 After some days, Felix came with Drusilla his wife, who was a Jewess, and sent for Paul and heard him concerning the faith in Christ Jesus.
John 19:15 WEB
They cried out, "Away with him! Away with him! Crucify him!" Pilate said to them, "Shall I crucify your King?" The chief priests answered, "We have no king but Caesar!"
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

ἐκραύγασαν οὖν ἐκεῖνοι Ἆρον ἆρον, σταύρωσον αὐτόν. λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Πειλᾶτος Τὸν Βασιλέα ὑμῶν σταυρώσω; ἀπεκρίθησαν οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς Οὐκ ἔχομεν βασιλέα εἰ μὴ Καίσαρα.

  • ἐκραύγασαν κραυγάζω verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural G2905
  • οὖν οὖν conjunction G3767
  • ἐκεῖνοι ἐκεῖνος demonstrative pronoun · nominative plural masculine G1565
  • Ἆρον αἴρω verb · aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular G142
  • ἆρον, αἴρω verb · aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular G142
  • σταύρωσον σταυρόω verb · aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular G4717
  • αὐτόν. αὐτός personal pronoun · accusative singular masculine G846
  • λέγει λέγω verb · present active indicative, 3rd person singular G3004
  • αὐτοῖς αὐτός personal pronoun · dative plural masculine G846
  • ὁ ὁ article · nominative singular masculine G3588
  • Πειλᾶτος Πιλᾶτος noun · nominative singular masculine G4091
  • Τὸν ὁ article · accusative singular masculine G3588

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. Luke 23:18 But they all cried out together, saying, "Away with this man! Release to us Barabbas!"—
  2. Acts 21:36 for the multitude of the people followed after, crying out, "Away with him!"
  3. John 19:6 When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, "Crucify! Crucify!" Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him."
  4. Genesis 49:10 The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until he comes to whom it belongs. The obedience of the peoples will be to him.
  5. Acts 22:22 They listened to him until he said that; then they lifted up their voice and said, "Rid the earth of this fellow, for he isn't fit to live!"
John 19:19 WEB
Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. There was written, "JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS."
discussed above
Greek Nestle 1904

ἔγραψεν δὲ καὶ τίτλον ὁ Πειλᾶτος καὶ ἔθηκεν ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ· ἦν δὲ γεγραμμένον ΙΗΣΟΥΣ Ο ΝΑΖΩΡΑΙΟΣ Ο ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ ΤΩΝ ΙΟΥΔΑΙΩΝ.

  • ἔγραψεν γράφω verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular G1125
  • δὲ δέ conjunction G1161
  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • τίτλον τίτλος noun · accusative singular masculine G5102
  • ὁ ὁ article · nominative singular masculine G3588
  • Πειλᾶτος Πιλᾶτος noun · nominative singular masculine G4091
  • καὶ καί conjunction G2532
  • ἔθηκεν τίθημι verb · aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular G5087
  • ἐπὶ ἐπί preposition G1909
  • τοῦ ὁ article · genitive singular masculine G3588
  • σταυροῦ· σταυρός noun · genitive singular masculine G4716
  • ἦν εἰμί verb · imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular G1510

Punctuation is editorial — the manuscripts carry none.

See also 5
  1. Matthew 27:37 They set up over his head the accusation against him written, "THIS IS JESUS, THE KING OF THE JEWS."
  2. Mark 15:26 The superscription of his accusation was written over him: "THE KING OF THE JEWS."
  3. Luke 23:38 An inscription was also written over him in letters of Greek, Latin, and Hebrew: "THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS."
  4. John 19:14 Now it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, at about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, "Behold, your King!"
  5. Acts 3:6 But Peter said, "I have no silver or gold, but what I have, that I give you. In the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, get up and walk!"

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